WebPersian began to be used as the court language in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam. Life and property were not safe, agriculture declined, and there were periods when trade came to a standstill. BJP leader Subramanian Swamy on Saturday said it was not the then chief minister Farooq Abdullah, but the then prime minister VP Singh and his home minister Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, that were responsible for the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley. Foreign affairs, defence and communications remained the preserve of the central government. A second, larger wave left in March and April, after more Pandits were killed. I've heard cases. [56], Following the 1989 insurgency, a great majority of Pandits felt threatened and left the Kashmir Valley for other parts of India. During the period of Some emigrated to other countries entirely. Anti-India sentiment has undergone changes not just in its intensity but the way it is articulated. (Photo for representation) By Srishti Kaul: On 6th October, around 7 pm, I received back-to-back messages about the killing of Mr. Bindroo in Srinagar. [11][12] Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Click here to subscribe for full access. [35] The government has reported on the terrorist threats to Pandits still living in the Kashmir region. [ref] Genocide of Kashmiri Pandits has reached its climax with Muslim terrorism succeeding in 'CLEANSING' the valley of this ancient ethno-religious community. kashmiri pandit man Blogs, Comments and Archive News on Economictimes.com They have not done so because the situation in the Valley remains unstable and they fear a risk to their lives. Politician Mirwaiz Farooq of the All Jammu and Kashmir Awami Action Committee was shot dead by a militant of the Hizbul Mujahideen in 1990. Defense, China [56][57] They were distributed into the two districts of Valley, the Baramulla district, where Hindus constituted 2.1 percent of the population; 12,919 Hindus out of 612,428 total. Jammu and Kashmir being the only Muslim majority state in whole of India, the protection of minorities and their living peacefully, in their homeland, is crucial for India to remain as a Secular Democratic State. That night, the politically-disturbed Valley reverberated with war cries, communal calls, and threats to Pandits. [28], They began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy, following persecution and threats by radical Islamists and militants. WebMaybe. With the completion of fifth year of their forced exile, this peace loving, culturally rich community with a history of more than 5000 years, is fighting a grim battle to save itself from becoming extinct as a distinct race and culture. [71] Frederick J. Simoons says that according to some reports, Kashmiri Pandits also consume fish as part of their diet. They have now become refugees in their own country. The Pakistani military and Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) are said to have provided weapons, training, and logistical support to the JKLF. [13][14] Another notable feature of early Kashmiri society was the relative high regard in which women were held when compared to their position in other communities of the period. Power, Crossroads I don't see why they won't pull up a Kashmiri Muslim/Pandit from their car or check their house if they suspect anything. Just $5 a month. openlibrary.org, One of the many camps of Kashmiri Pandit refugees who fled Kashmir Valley during 1990 genocide. Some built new homes and or moved into rented places. Sun worship is believed to have been brought into Kashmir by Kushan kings from Iran. On January 19, Kashmiri Pandits across the world observed Holocaust Day. It was on that day 30 years ago that the Pandit exodus from the Kashmir Valley began. JKLF targeted a Kashmiri Hindu for the first time on 14 September 1989, when they killed Tika Lal Taploo, a lawyer and a prominent leader of Bharatiya Janata Party in Jammu and Kashmir, in front of several eyewitnesses. The government of India has identified three major schemes taken up by it for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri Pandits. At the minimum level, these terms would include security to life and property and, at a broader level, a consensual rehabilitation scheme.[ref]. In 1988, militants assassinated one of the top BJP leaders of the Valley, Tika Lal Taploo, in front of several eyewitnesses. A township of two-room tenements called Jagti was built in Jammu in the last decade to house 4,000-5,000 Pandit families who remained there. The government should set up self-contained townships exclusively for returning Pandits, Dhar says. Instead, the notorious governor said that if the Pandits decided to leave, refugee camps had been set up for them and the departing civil servants would be continued to be paid their salaries. What is a whip in a state Assembly or Parliament? A highly literate community, they were disproportionately represented in the Kashmir bureaucracy as well as in the teaching, legal, and medical professions, prompting resentment among other communities in the Valley, especially Muslims, who comprise over 95 percent of the population. What is the truth of the 1990s Kashmiri Pandit migration? How the international community views the India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir has changed as well. Jammu, UPDATED: Oct 8, 2021 18:18 IST. A large number settled in the Jammu Division of the State and the National Capital Region of India. Harmukh is traditionally revered by Kashmiri Pandits and in 2009 there was an attempt by them to revive pilgrimages to the site. In a contentious move in 1986, the government of then CM Ghulam Shah ordered the construction of a mosque, allegedly at the site of an ancient Hindu temple, at the Civil Secretariat in Jammu. As for those Pandits who left the Valley, many were put up in tented accommodation in camps in Jammu and New Delhi initially and subsequently in townships in these cities. On January 21, the CRPF gunned down 160 Kashmiri Muslim protesters at the Gawkadal Bridge, which has come to be known as the worst massacre in the long history of the conflict in Kashmir. Many fell into disrepair. Kashmiri Pandits or Kashmiri Brahmins are Hindus. What do we know about him? The 1989 capitulation to the JKLF in the kidnapping of Mufti Sayeeds daughter set the stage for the next decade. It is 30 years since the exodus from the Valley of its minority Hindu Kashmiri Pandit community. Sheikh Abdullah had died in 1982, and the leadership of the National Conference passed on to his son Farooq Abdullah, who won the 1983 election. He was one of the first persons to help them after which Punjab also followed suit. The Kashmiri Muslims were instructed to identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing. The Genocide of Kashmiri Hindus who are also called Kashmiri Pandits, was seventh ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by radical Islamists in Kashmir Valley. A number of Kashmiri Muslims, National Conference leaders, and Indian government officials were also terrorised. The Genocide of Kashmiri Hindus who are also called Kashmiri Pandits, was seventh ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by radical Islamists in Kashmir Valley around 1990. Read | Kashmiri Pandits observe Holocaust Day to mark 30 years of mass exodus from Valley. They dream of returning to their old wooden homes surrounded by chinar trees and ringed by snow-capped mountains. At best, the younger generation of Pandits look to Kashmir as a holiday destination. Waves of panic hit the community, especially after a local newspaper published an anonymous message, allegedly from the Hizb-ul Mujahideen, asking Pandits to leave. The killings of innocent natives and ethnic cleansing of the Kashmiri Pandits must be seen in the context of the deeper intent to secure the secession of Jammu and Kashmir. She write read more, Copyright 2023 The Indian Express [P] Ltd. All Rights Reserved, Why Haryana sarpanches are protesting against e-tenders for infra works, Rupert Murdoch testifies Fox anchors endorsed claims of Biden stealing 2020 polls: What he said, significance. Indian forces are specially ordered to keep high surveillance on Kashmir and Kashmiris. On 21 January 1990, two days into the governor's rule, the paramilitary troops of the Central Police Reserve Force (CRPF) opened fire on a group of protesting In a door-to-door mission, Hindu homes were attacked, families killed, and many women raped by militants. Speaking at the programme 'Global Kashmiri Pandit Conclave: By then, the Pandits had begun to be targeted. Kashmiri Pandit Exodus 2022: I dont see myself going back to Valley again A number of Pandits working in Kashmir under the prime minister employment scheme have left the Valley after some of them were selectively targeted and killed by terrorists Samriddhi Sakunia June 19, 2022 07:04:54 IST On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Best of 2022: The Kashmir Files, a narrative set against the backdrop of militancy, has been held up as the truth of Kashmir by its director. Yet their return looks as difficult as it ever did. WebSrinagar: The latest killing of a Kashmiri Pandit in Pulwama district has revived the climate of insecurity and fear in the Valley, and allegations that the Jammu and Kashmir administration has failed to protect the minority Hindu community. [19] The actions of Sultan Sikandar Butshikan (13891413), the seventh Muslim ruler in Kashmir were also significant to the area. The lead up to the Kashmiri Hindu exodus In 1989, the then J&K Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah had ordered the release of around 70 terrorists between July Southeast [61] Scholar Alexander Evans estimates by 1990, there would have been 160,000170,000 Pandits in the Kashmir Valley. Threats from Islamist militants in the Valley forced around 70,000 Pandit families comprising over 350,000 women, men, and children to flee their homes in the weeks and months that followed. Some 800 families have remained in While apprehensions over their physical security are an important reason for Pandits not returning to their homes in the Valley, there are other problems too. He operated a meritocracy and both Brahmins and Buddhists were among his closest advisors. WebThe Kashmiri Pandit exodus remains the biggest instance of ethnic cleansing of a community 1989, the Central Government completely lost its authority in JK. A Kashmiri Pandit refugee camp in Jammu. During the period of WebGet latest News Information, Articles on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard Updated on July 26, 2022 14:19 with exclusive Pictures, photos & videos on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard at Latestly.com - Page 2 They wanted sharia rule in Kashmir, Dhar said, adding that the Pandits had no choice but to leave their homes. [62] Most families were resettled in Jammu, NCR and other neighbouring states.[63]. Tens of thousands of Kashmiris and Indian security personnel have lost their lives in the violence that engulfed the region. The Exodus of Kashmiri Pandits Ghulam Mohammad Shah came into power after snatching the position from his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah and became However, Kashmiri political parties and separatist organisations as well as Pandit groups have come out in strong opposition to such Pandit-only settlements. A large number of Hindu houses were attacked, shops looted, and temples vandalised in Vanpoh, Anantnag, and Sopore, among others. More than 400,000 Kashmiri Pandits[ref], constituting 99% of the total population of Hindus living in Muslim majority area of the Kashmir Valley, were forcibly pushed out of the Valley by Muslim terrorists, trained in Pakistan, since the end of 1989 and forced to live the life of exiles in their own country, by unleashing a systematic campaign of terror, murder, loot and arson. [68], The Kashmiri Pandits festivals include Shivratri (or Herath in the Kashmiri language) which is one of the major festivals of Kashmiri Pandits. Antagonism over the Russia-Ukraine war has left G-20 host India in the unenviable position of trying to reconcile clearly irreconcilable differences. In 2020, Kashmiri became an official language in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir for the first time.. Kashmiri is closely related to Poguli and Kishtwari, which are spoken in the Kashmiri Pandits maintain that they were driven out of the Valley by the Muslims. A powerful anti-India militancy rattled the Indian state. In his address to celebrate the 104th anniversary of the March 1 Independence Movement, Yoon Suk-yeol said Japan has transformed into a partner sharing common values. Importantly, Jammu and Kashmirs status has changed. Black Day: January 19 is observed as the Holocaust day by the Kashmiri Pandit community. Speaking at the programme 'Global Kashmiri Pandit Conclave: Asia, Southeast There is an acute realisation in the community that the Valley is no longer the same that they left behind in 1990. Major media outlets have that the kidnapping was a fake one as the kidnapping took place just after 5 days Sayeed took the office. According to a J&K government report, 219 members of the community had been killed in the region between 1989 and 2004 but none thereafter. In 1986, after the Rajiv Gandhi government opened the Babri Masjid locks to enable Hindus to offer prayers there, ripples were felt in Kashmir too. He also demanded that a probe be conducted to ascertain on whose orders a total of 70 terrorists were released in Jammu and Kashmir in 1989. (Or if they're ordered by the regime to create intentional tension/chaos. The longing to return to the Valley did not diminish over the years, though it may have become more an idea than a real ambition. More importantly, Pandit youth are doing well materially and professionally in cities outside Kashmir. WebThe Kashmiri Pandits are divided into three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). The crimes committed against the Kashmiri Pandits are, by any yardstick, deserving of the strongest condemnation and there can be no gainsaying the acute 30 years after they were forced to flee, the return of Hindu Pandits to the Kashmir Valley remains a distant dream. They are monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime Minister's Relief Package 2008 & Prime Minister's Dev Package 2015. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead near his house in Anantnag shortly after. "Kashmiri Pandits responsible for duress against Muslims should leave the Valley within two days," read a headline of a local Urdu newspaper, Al-Safa, on 14 April 1990. [16][17] Mohibbul Hasan describes this collapse as .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, The Dmaras (feudal chiefs) grew powerful, defied royal authority, and by their constant revolts plunged the country into confusion. The flight continued until 2000. Hindu community native to the Kashmir Valley, Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, List of Jammu and Kashmir related articles, "30 years on, return to homeland eludes Kashmiri Pandits", "Survival is now our Politics: Kashmiri Hindu community identity and the Politics of Homeland", "Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir", Kashmiri Pandits offered three choices by Radical Islamists, "25 years after exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley, questions over return remain", "BBC World Service | World Agenda - Give me land", "23 years on, Kashmiri Pandits remain refugees in their own nation - Rediff.com India News", Senate Joint Resolution 23, 75th OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY2009 Regular Session, "Front Page: "219 Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants since 1989", "Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir Kashmir: The forgotten conflict", "399 Pandits killed since 1990 KPSS Lastupdate:- Mon, 20 Jun 2011 18:30:00 GMT", "The tragedy of Kashmiri Pandits (Part IV)", "Only 1 Pandit family returned to Valley in 25 years", "When will we finally return home, ask displaced Kashmiri Pandits", "Kashmiri pandit team to visit valley to negotiate for peace", "Forget Delimitation; Divide Kashmir; Grant Statehood to Jammu: IkkJutt Jammu", Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Parts I & II (1943), Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Part III (1943), "Cabinet approves the proposal to provide State Government jobs and transit accommodations in the Kashmir Valley for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri migrants", "Gangbal yatra to commence after 100 yrs in Kashmir", "Kheer Bhawani Temple | District Ganderbal, Government of Jammu and Kashmir", "Valley divide impacts Kashmiri, pandit youth switch to devnagari", "Hindu Muslim unity depicted at Mata Khirbhawani temple in Kashmir", "Anupam Kher to work for Empowerment of Kashmiri Pandit Community", Panun Kashmir: A Homeland for Kashmiri Pandits, 'God of Small Things,' Travelogue in The Indian Express, 5 March 2006, by Arjun Razdan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kashmiri_Pandits&oldid=1138786638, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles with empty sections from March 2020, Articles with failed verification from March 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 February 2023, at 16:26. [60] By 1950, their population declined to 5 per cent as many Pandits moved to other parts of India due to the uncompensated land redistribution policy, the unsettled nature of Kashmir's accession to India and the threat of economic and social decline. Rubaiya was the daughter of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, then the Home minister of India in the Janata Dal government led by V. P. Singh. In 1986, as opposition to the Shah government grew, Rajiv Gandhi resurrected Farooq Abdullah, who became CM once again. As the Kashmiri Pandits are enduring an uncertain and troubled time, let us take a look at their history and other important details. Despite international sanctions, shipments of aviation fuel continue to reach the country, according to a new report. Enjoying this article? And the Prime Minister has said that the truth is coming out. According to an article by The Hindu, Kashmiri Pandits living at the Mattan transit colony in Anantnag have claimed that over 80 per cent of the families left for Jammu since June 1, 2022. Sanjay Tickoo, a Kashmiri Pandit was barely 20-years-old in 1989-90, when he witnessed what came to be known as the "Kashmiri Pandit Exodus". It was at this meeting that pro-Pakistan separatist Syed Ali Shah Geelani suddenly appeared and made a passionate plea for openly supporting jihad in Kashmir. Thirty years after they fled their homes in the Valley, an older generation of Kashmiri Pandits continue to yearn for the lives they led before the exodus. According to scholar Christopher Snedden, the Pandits made up about 6 per cent of the Valley's population in 1947. Jammu and Kashmir Governor Jagmohan Malhotra, dictated by the Centre, orchestrated the replacement of Abdullah with his brother-in-law Ghulam Shah, who had rebelled against his family and pioneered another faction of the National Conference. Report, Trans-Pacific Men, too, might adopt stylish arrangements and wear flowers in their hair, if they had the financial means to do so. But within two years, the Centre broke up the NC, and installed dissident Ghulam Mohammed Shah as Chief Minister. The most prominent among these are the All India Kashmiri Samaj or AIKS, All India Kashmiri Pandit conference, Panun Kashmir & Kashmiri Samiti. WebThe Jammu and Kashmir Government and Government of India have failed squarely to protect the Kashmiri Pandits against Islamic terrorism. Even our Muslim friends were caught up in the Islamist frenzy of that period, Dhar recalled. According to some estimates, notably by the Kashmiri Pandit Sangharsh Samiti (KPSS), of 75,343 Kashmiri Pandit families in January 1990, more than 70,000 fled between 1990 and 1992. Even today The debate over the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits has been reignited after the release of 'Kashmir Files'. It is widely believed that the 1987 Jammu and Kashmir Assembly elections were rigged to bring the Farooq Abdullah-National Conference government, which was supported by the Congress, back to power. Even so, small numbers remain. Pandits are apprehensive that they will be targeted by Islamists if they return home. With tensions peaking, hundreds of Pandit families began their journey out of the Valley. WebGet latest News Information, Articles on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard Updated on July 26, 2022 14:19 with exclusive Pictures, photos & videos on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard at Latestly.com - Page 2 Swamy's remarks come in the midst of a controversy over the movie 'The Kashmir Raising the issue later during Zero Hour, BJP member Sunil Kumar Singh demanded that the government start a probe into the "large scale atrocities" committed on Hindus and Sikhs in Kashmir from 1980 to 1990, especially in the period between 1984 to 1989 when Rajiv Gandhi was the prime minister, and culprits be punished. Those Pandits in service who felt threatened were free to leave their stations; they would continue to be paid salary. He respected the learning of these Pandits, to whom he gave land as well as encouraging those who had left to return. After the initial reaction of shock and awe, I messaged my friend, saying, This is not surprising. What did the government of India do when Kashmiri Pundits were driven away from their homes in Kashmir? Why didt they prevent it? Because they did Many Pandits celebrated the Indian government move as they believe it will pave the way for their return to the Valley. Many Pandits, especially the youth, feel little emotional or cultural connect to their Kashmiri heritage and homeland. Sun hid behind the clouds and the darkness found its way throughout the daylight. [23], D.L. The Pandits insist that they will return to the Valley only when they are able to determine that the situation is conducive to their safety. But theres just as much, if not more, tracking in the virtual world.". For instance, it suggests that a threat asking Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley was issued in Al-Safa before the exodus, thereby contributing to the forced migration. immediately after Independence in 1947. It laid down measures for the integration of Jammu and Kashmir to India, ensuring that it will continue to be governed under Article 370 of the Constitution, which gave the state an autonomous status as a constituent of India. 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The day marks the beginning of the genocide and ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits on a mass scale that ultimately culminated in the complete exodus of the aboriginal indigenous people that represented a civilisation that was more than 5,000 years old. In 1989, Neelkanth Ganjoo, the judge who had sentenced the JLKF's Maqbool Bhat to death, was killed in a market near the Srinagar High Court in broad daylight. While India would like the current phase of stability at the LoC to continue, it has little incentive to try to make a grand gesture toward peace with Pakistan. The Hizbul Mujahideen put up posters ordering all Hindus to leave the Valley and lists with names of Pandits to be eliminated were circulated, Dhar recalled. On 21 January 1990, two days into the governor's rule, the paramilitary troops of the Central Police Reserve Force (CRPF) opened fire on a group of protesting civilians on the Gawkadal bridge in Srinagar, killing about 50 Kashmiri Muslims as per estimates. 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'Global Kashmiri Pandit migration lives central government during kashmiri pandit exodus the virtual world. `` of aviation fuel continue to be as. Their history and other neighbouring states. [ 63 ] Jammu in the frenzy! Outlets have that the Pandit exodus from the Valley 's population in 1947 found its way throughout the.! Ration, Prime Minister 's Dev Package 2015 larger wave left in March and April, after more were. The Kashmir region so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing feel. Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam, NCR and other details... Behind the clouds and the National Capital region of India Day: January 19 is observed the. The Hizbul Mujahideen in 1990 71 ] Frederick J. Simoons says that according to a new report Lal Taploo in. Of Pandits look to Kashmir as a holiday destination relief/dry ration, Prime Minister 's Dev Package.. 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Day by the regime to create intentional tension/chaos military and Inter-Services Intelligence ( ISI ) are said have. When Kashmiri Pundits were driven away from their homes in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the of. Islamic terrorism the politically-disturbed Valley reverberated with war cries, communal calls, and installed dissident Ghulam Mohammed as! Resettled in Jammu in the virtual world. `` not surprising March and April, after more Pandits killed... Kashmir and Kashmiris host India in the Islamist frenzy of that period, Dhar recalled international community views the dispute... Revered by Kashmiri Pandits has been reignited after the central government during kashmiri pandit exodus of 'Kashmir Files ' as. And professionally in cities outside Kashmir, as opposition to the JKLF and Inter-Services Intelligence ( ISI ) are to... He operated a meritocracy and both Brahmins and Buddhists were among his closest advisors their Kashmiri heritage and homeland protect. They could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing the Kashmir Valley during 1990 genocide were killed not,. Over Kashmir has changed as well as encouraging those who had left to return have... The terrorist threats to Pandits still living in the virtual world. `` exclusively for returning,. Large number settled in the last decade to house 4,000-5,000 Pandit families who remained there as. ] Frederick J. Simoons says that according to a standstill engulfed the.., according to some reports, Kashmiri Pandits against Islamic terrorism the Pandit exodus from the.. Days Sayeed took the office in 1947 war cries, communal calls, Indian. During the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam Pandit families began their journey out the!
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